Campanula Rapanculus, flowers of (SB). Models of various orders of plants; Flowers of Rampion (Campanula Rapunculus) (LC).

Born in Normandy, Louis Auzoux obtained a medical degree in 1818 and was appointed to the surgical department of the Hotel-Dieu, with celebrated Dupuytren, the 'Napoleon of surgery.' 

The shortage of anatomical teaching materials prompted Auzoux, a year later, to begin experimenting with making models. . Models in wax were available but were very expensive. In contrast, papier mache was comparatively inexpensive, stable and able to be easily moulded. Furthermore, it was strong enough to allow each model to be taken apart to show the arrangement of organs, 's'enlever une a une comme une veritable dissection'. Noting the techniques of Parisian doll and puppet makers, Auzoux developed a paper paste, which allowed papier-mache models to harden as a solid, supple, light and durable object. This improved upon the early papier-mache techniques of Francois Ameline. Auzoux created models, which could be taken to pieces and reassembled, with each part labelled, showing internal anatomy. He called these models Anatomie clastique and designed them for both lay and expert audiences. 

In 1822 he presented a life-sized model of the human pelvis at the Academie Royale de Medicine, and from 1825 commissions from educational institutions flooded in - requesting human, botanical and veterinary models. Auzoux opened a small factory, in Saint Aubin d'Ecrosville, in 1828, soon employing 100 workers. In 1833, Auzoux established a shop in the rue du Poan in Paris. Over the next century and a half the range increased to some 600 models, the majority zoological and botanical with 100 relating to human anatomy. For many years the Auzoux family had a shop in the Rue du medecine in Paris. The shop finally closed in the 1990s and the contents were sold at auction on 22 October 1998.

Auzoux, Louis

Paris, Ville de Paris department, Île-de-France, France, Europe

Modelmaking

The biological science which deals with plant life

Botany

Teaching

10081 Botanical model, Campanula rapanculus (Rampion), mixed media, Botanical model, Dr Auzoux, Paris, France, c. 1880

POWERHOUSE COLLECTION

Model of Campanula flower

Object No. 10081

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